Author: ltieintern4

The elements of protocol are message encoding, message formatting encapsulation, message timing, message size, and message delivery options. We shall see each of these elements in a detailed manner. Protocol Interconnected communication is not enough to ensure nodes talk to each other, that is the reason protocols are essential for them to communicate. The uses of protocols ensure the speed, how fast shall we talk, how do we talk, who talk first, can we talk together, do you understand what I am talking. Computers should follow some set of rules and conventions, consider computer A is transferring a movie to…

Network topology is like bus, star, ring, mesh, and hybrid. We will also understand what the advantages and disadvantages of bus, star, ring, mesh, and hybrid topologies are. Firstly, we will learn what is a network topology. Topology means the arrangement of notes of a computer network. Topology can be viewed as a layout of a computer network; topology can be viewed as a physical topology and logical topology. Physical topology means where all the nodes are connected physically. Logical topology means how the data is going to flow from one node to another is a logical topology. Simply topology…

Let us learn about data communication and data flow. Today we will be learning about data communication, data flow, and the importance of protocol. Data Communication Data communications are the exchange of data between two nodes. If there are two nodes, they are going to exchange data via some form of link or transmission medium. The transmission medium is the cable we have seen data communication it means two nodes are going to exchange data. Data Flow It means the data is going to flow from one node to another node and there are three different types of data flows,…

Basic network troubleshooting in case you find some networking issues, especially for those who do not know how networking exactly works. These five commands are like your first aid kit which you should always know. As soon as you face any kind of networking issues these basic commands will help you diagnose the problem to an extent. To perform these commands, we need to open a command prompt on our windows system. IP config IP config gives you the biodata of your network. It will give you all the details which are required to exactly understand what your IP address…

There are many types of networks but most of the people are only familiar with few networks. so, let us learn about all types of networks today. PAN stands for personal area network: This is a type of network that is generally used for personal level, it is a small network that is used for connecting devices such as tablets, laptops, and smartphones and they connect to each other by using wireless technologies such as Bluetooth and other near field communications. But they can also connect by using a wired connection such as a USB cable. PANs are generally used…

The first computer network was used in 1950, they were generally used in few organizations to facilitate the exchange of information between different people and computers, this was more reliable method of transferring data. The other benefit of networks was the ability to share physical resources, these are relatively small networks of nearby computers called LAN. LAN could be as close as computers in an office room or in a school with hundreds of computers connected. Most famous LAN is ETHERNET which transmits data to all computers connected in the network. When a computer transmits a data within a small…

First of all we need to what is AI fuzzing? AI fuzzing is the main element in examining operations or organizations for weaknesses. Fuzzing is an automatic examining approach that utilizes unanticipated or worthless data to see or explain how an organization breaks. Fuzzing is out in the market for quite a time now; it is hard to do and did not get much attention from the companies. Adding AI in it, it promises to make this tool more adjustable and straightforward to utilize. There is both an advantage and disadvantage of using AI fuzzing. The advantage is that the companies and…

A smart contract is an accord among two people in the shape of computer code. They work on the cryptographic ledger, so they are saved on a public database or data set and cannot be modified. The dealings that occur in a smart contract are defined by the blockchain, which means that the transactions are done directly but not with a third party’s involvement. The deal only took place when the terms in the agreement are made. Dealing took place automatically, so there is no need for a third party, hence no trust issue.It is a way to operate the…

As we know that the Cloud infrastructure is so much in demand now a days. The phenomenon of migrating to the cloud is here to stay due to the obvios reasons. But amid all this migration happening, how vulnerable are we? Let’s have a look by asking the first simple question…. What is cloud vulnerability? Vulnerability is an essential element of risk. Vulnerability is an expectation that an agent will not be able to withstand the activity of a threat force. Vulnerability survives when there is a contrast between the power enforced by the threat representative and a device’s capability…

Before we go deep into machine learning poisoning, we need to know the basic machine learning concept.As the words are self-explanatory, machine learning is basically the machine’s automation to learn and program itself into doing new tasks. For example, you use your smartphone for a lot of functions. You use a lot of web searches init. But you may have noticed that when you search for a specific item or thing, the ads section on the website starts to show you the ads related to your searches; that is called machine learning.Now let’s take a deeper dive into it. Suppose…